Passage Based Conclusions

Passage Based Conclusions : This is basically drawing inferences from the passage. An inference is the act or process of deriving logical conclusion from premises known or assumed to be true. These passages are based on social, economic, political and technological conditions.

Every student must note that it is very important for them to possess logical skills, comprehension capacity and ability for interpretation. They must be skillful enough to comprehend the full implications of the passage and arrive at the correct answer. It is expected of the students to acquire as much knowledge as possible of phrasal verbs, vocabulary and nature of the English language. In these types of questions, a passage is given on any topic followed by conclusions in the form of statements. A candidate is required to mark out the answer in the following ways

Give answer

(a) if the statement is definitely true

(b) if the statement is probably true, though not definitely true

(d) if the statement is probably false

(e) if the statement is definitely false

The candidate must note that all these conclusions are to be arrived at in the light of what has been discussed in the passage. In the following passages the methodology will be discussed as to how to opt for right option : (a, b, c, d) which a candidate is expected to select for a given conclusion.

These type of questions are used to detect the candidate's ability to decide the situation or draw an inference based on a situation described to him. This topic is an integral part of reasoning.

Example :

Passage : The performance of Indian agriculture is largely dependent on amount of rainfall across the country. A substantive part of the cultivable land is dependent on irrigation which directly related to monsoon. However, agriculture and allied activities account for less on even one-fourth of the total GDP. The component of the manufacturing sector that depends on agriculture for the supply of intermediates is not very high, which suggests that he structure of industrialization has changed over the years. Several components of the tertiary sector that are crucial for the growth of the rest of the economy have grown sizeably, thanks to IT and BPO. So it is less likely that aggregate economic growth will be adversely affected if rainfall is scanty. Yet, a somewhat different picture emerges if we look deeper into the matter. Still, a very significant chunk of the population and work force depends on agriculture for its livelihood. A decline in agriculture reduces per capita food availability, which in turn, pulls down the standard of living.

Question 1 : Manufacturing sector no longer depends on agricultural sector.

Answer : (e) : It is mentioned in the passage that the component of the manufacturing sector that depends on agriculture for the supply of intermediates is not very high. This implies that a part of the manufacturing sector still depends on agriculture. Hence, the given inference is definitely false.

Question 2 : Weak monsoon have adverse effect on GDP even though non-agricultural sector activities may continue to be the same.

Answer : (d) : The sentence 'So it is less likely... if rainfall is scanty' in the passage implies that it is quite probable that a weak monsoon may not have an adverse effect on GDP. Hence, the given inference is probably false.

Sample Questions

(More Questions for each concept available in Login)

Question : 1

Directions : Read the following passage and examine the inference given below it in the context of this passage. Procurement of wheat is in full swing in the north - western states of India. By June end, public agencies are likely to end up with food grain stocks of about 40 to 42 million tonnes, the highest ever witnessed in the history of this country. This stock should be more than sufficient to ensure that the country's "food security" is not endangered even if India faces two consecutive droughts. But strangely enough, while the granaries overflow, there is still widespread hunger in the country even without a drought. the estimates of poverty are being debated, but broadly one - third of India seems to remain underfed. And this coexistence of grain surpluses with large scale hunger should make any serious policy - maker think and examine the existing policy mix with a view to ensure faster economic growth and reduction in poverty. India distribution of food grain stocks to withstand two consecutive droughts.
A. If the inference is 'definitely true.		B. If the inference is 'probably true'.
C. If the 'data provided is inadequate',		D. If the inference is 'probably false
Right Option : D
View Explanation

Question : 2

Directions : Read the following passage and examine the inference given below it in the context of this passage. The world Health organization has called for an improved surveillance to combat dengue and says the outbreak can be controlled in two weeks if all necessary steps are taken to stop the mosquitoes from breeding and break the transmission cycle. Dengue is already the most widespread mosquito - borne disease among humans. In the past 15 years, outbreaks in South and South - East Asia have been rapidly rising mostly due to falling environmental and public health standards during urbanization. WHO reports that severe forms of the disease such as haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and shock syndrome (DSS) are putting more than 2.5 million people at risk worldwide each year. Importantly, 95% of the DHF cases are among children less than 15 years. therefore, the disease has major impact on public health and future generations. DSS type dengue seems mostly to be affecting the adults.
A. If the inference is 'definitely true.		B. If the inference is 'probably true'.
C. If the 'data provided is inadequate',		D. If the inference is 'probably false
Right Option : C
View Explanation

Question : 3

Directions : Read the following passage and examine the inference given below it in the context of this passage. The performance of Indian agriculture is largely dependent on amount of rainfall across the country. A substantive part of the cultivable land is dependent on irrigation which is directly related to monsoon. However, agriculture and allied activities account for less than even one - fourth of the total GDP. The component of the manufacturing sector that depends on agriculture for the supply of intermediates is not very high, which suggests that the structure of industrialization has changes over the years.Several components of the tertiary sector that are crucial for the growth of the rest of the economy have grown sizeably, thanks to IT and BPO. So it is less likely that aggregate economic growth will be adversely affected if rainfall is scanty. Yet, a somewhat different picture emerges if we look deeper into the matter. Still, a very significant chunk of the population and work force depends on agriculture for its livelihood. A decline in agriculture reduces per capital food availability, which in turn, pulls down the standard of living. The industrialization process had undergone significant changes over past few years.
A. If the inference is 'definitely true.		B. If the inference is 'probably true'.
C. If the 'data provided is inadequate',		D. If the inference is 'probably false
Right Option : A
View Explanation